Selasa, 23 Mei 2017

Penggunaan Third Conditional dalam kalimat

SAP BAHASA INGGRIS 2#
NO 9
Tujuan Instruksional Khusus :
Membekali mahasiswa agar lebih paham mengenai penggunaan So dan Such. Memberikan pemahaman tentang Third Conditional.
Pokok Bahasan :
·       So and Such
·       Third Conditional
Indikator Keberhasilan :
Mahasiiswa memahami penggunaan Third Conditional dalam kalimat.

Penggunaan Have Has Had

Perbedaan penggunaan Have dan Has adalah terletak pada Subjeknya (pelakunya). Has hanya digunakan untuk subjek orang ketiga tunggal (dia, baik laki2, perempuan maupun benda), dan untuk lainnya menggunakan have.
Bentuk kedua (Verb 2/bentuk past) dan ketiga (verb 3/present participle) dari have dan has adalah had. Sehingga menjadi Have/Has – Had – Had – Having. Sebenarnya ada satu bentuk lagi selain Verb 1, 2, 3 dan -ing yaitu bentuk invinitife (kata kerja dasar). Untuk Have atau Has ini bentuk infinitivenya adalah Have. Sehingga tidak terpengaruh oleh apa pun bentuk subjeknya.
Contoh: She would have left when you came. Mengapa subjeknya “She” tapi menggunakan Have bukan Has? Karena dia jatuh setelah “would” (modal verb). Setiap kata kerja yang jatuh setelah modal harus berbentuk infinitive.

Fungsi dan Artinya:
Setelah paham penggunaannya berdasarkan pelakunya. Sekarang kita lihat dari fungsinya atau beberapa arti yang bisa timbul dari kata have dan has:
1.      Kepemilikan
Have
 dan Has keduanya bisa digunakan atau memiliki untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan.
Contoh:
o    have a dream, a song to sing
(aku memiliki sebuah impian, sebuah lagu untuk dinyanyikan)
o    I don’t have a girl friend any more, would you be mine?
(aku tidak punya pacar lagi, maukah kau menjadi pacarku)
2.      Telah
Have dan Has bisa berarti “telah” (menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai) jika digunakan dalam kalimat dengan tenses present perfect atau past perfect. Contoh:
o    have told you before not to touch my goods
(aku sudah kasih tahu kamu sebelumnya untuk tidak menyentuh barang-barangku).
o    She has left her house three hours ago
(dia telah meninggalkan rumahnya tiga jam yang lalu)
3.      Menyuruh
Have atau has dapat digunakan untuk kalimat perintah. Hanya saja ada harus sesuai dengan rumusan Causative Verb.
Contoh:
o    have my car washed
(aku mencucikan mobilku), berarti aku menyuruh seseorang untuk mencucikannya.
o    My mother has me to sleep
(ibuku menyuruhku untuk tidur)
4.      Harus
Untuk membuat have/has mempunyai makna harus, kita harus menambahkan kata “to” setelahnya. Jadi artinya sama dengan verb “Must”
Contoh:
o    have to go now = I must go now
(aku harus pergi sekarang)
o    You don’t have to help me
(kamu tidak harus membantuku)
5.      Melakukan/Menjalani.
Beberapa kata benda dalam bahasa Inggris terkadang sulit untuk dibuat kata kerja. Seperti makan malam (dinner), kata ini tidak mempunyai kata kerja sehingga ketika ingin membuatnya harus dengan bantuan Have.
Contoh:
o    She has to have an operation.
(dia harus menjalani operasi).
o    I and Rose are having a dinner now.
(Aku dan Rose sedang (melakukan) makan malam sekarang)
6.      Anjuran.
Sementara khusus untuk Had (tidak berlaku untuk has dan have), jika digabungkan dengan kata better maka akan memberikan makna anjuran atau saran yang biasa diterjemahkan dengan: sebaiknya.
Contoh:
o    You had better go now, unless you will miss the flight.
(kamu sebaiknya berangkat sekarang, jika tidak kamu akan ketinggalan pesawat).
o    You had better stay at home, because it will rain.
(kamu sebaiknya tinggal di rumah, karena hari akan hujan).


      We use a causative verb when we want to talk about something that someone else did for us or for another person. It means that the subject caused the action to happen, but didn't do it themselves. Maybe they paid, or asked, or persuaded the other person to do it. For example, we can say:
·         I cleaned my house. (This means I cleaned it myself).
      If I paid someone to clean it, of course I can say:
·         A cleaner cleaned my house.
      But, another way is to use a causative construction. So I can also say:
·         I had my house cleaned.
      In a sense, using a causative verb is similar to using a passive. The important thing is that the house is now clean. We don't focus on who did the cleaning.

      Have + object + past participle (have something done)

We usually use 'have something done' when we are talking about paying someone to do something for us. It's often used for services. The form is 'subject + have + object + past participle'.
·         I had my car washed.
·         John will have his house painted.

     Get + object + past participle (get something done)

We can also use 'subject + get + object + past participle'. This has the same meaning as 'have', but is less formal.
·                     The students get their essays checked.
·                     I'll get my hair cut next week.
·                     He got his washing machine fixed.

      Have someone do something (have + person + infinitive)
We can also use the construction 'subject + have + person + infinitive'. This has a very similar meaning to 'have something done', which we've already talked about, but this time we say who did the thing - we talk about the person who we asked to do the thing for us.
·         I had the electrician look at my broken light.
·         The doctor will have the nurse call the patients.
·         The teacher had the students write the answers on the whiteboard.

     Get someone to do something (get + person + to + infinitive)
Finally, we can also use the construction 'get + someone + to + infinitive'. Again, this means that you cause the other person to do the action, maybe by paying them to do it, or by asking them to do it, or by persuading them to do it.
·         She gets her son to do his homework by promising him ice cream when he's finished.
·         I got the cleaner to clean under the cupboards.
Sometimes, this construction has the feeling that we needed to convince someone to do something, while the other constructions on this page are neutral.


References:



Jumat, 19 Mei 2017

Perbedaan Have Something Done dan Causative Have

SAP BAHASA INGGRIS 2#
NO 6
Tujuan Instruksional Khusus  :
Membekali mahasiswa agar memahami bentuk Have Something Done dan Causative Have, serta kapan penggunaannya 
Pokok Bahasan :
·      Have Something Done
·      Causative  Have
Indikator Keberhasilan :
Mahasiswa  memahami perbedaan Have Something Done dan Causative Have

Penggunaan Have Has Had

Perbedaan penggunaan Have dan Has adalah terletak pada Subjeknya (pelakunya). Has hanya digunakan untuk subjek orang ketiga tunggal (dia, baik laki2, perempuan maupun benda), dan untuk lainnya menggunakan have.
Bentuk kedua (Verb 2/bentuk past) dan ketiga (verb 3/present participle) dari have dan has adalah had. Sehingga menjadi Have/Has – Had – Had – Having. Sebenarnya ada satu bentuk lagi selain Verb 1, 2, 3 dan -ing yaitu bentuk invinitife (kata kerja dasar). Untuk Have atau Has ini bentuk infinitivenya adalah Have. Sehingga tidak terpengaruh oleh apa pun bentuk subjeknya.
Contoh: She would have left when you came. Mengapa subjeknya “She” tapi menggunakan Have bukan Has? Karena dia jatuh setelah “would” (modal verb). Setiap kata kerja yang jatuh setelah modal harus berbentuk infinitive.


Fungsi dan Artinya:

Setelah paham penggunaannya berdasarkan pelakunya. Sekarang kita lihat dari fungsinya atau beberapa arti yang bisa timbul dari kata have dan has:

1.            Kepemilikan

Have
 dan Has keduanya bisa digunakan atau memiliki untuk menunjukkan kepemilikan.
Contoh:
o    I have a dream, a song to sing
(aku memiliki sebuah impian, sebuah lagu untuk dinyanyikan)
·         I don’t have a girl friend any more, would you be mine?
(aku tidak punya pacar lagi, maukah kau menjadi pacarku)

2.      Telah
Have dan Has bisa berarti “telah” (menunjukkan pekerjaan yang telah selesai) jika digunakan dalam kalimat dengan tenses present perfect atau past perfect. Contoh:
o    I have told you before not to touch my goods
(aku sudah kasih tahu kamu sebelumnya untuk tidak menyentuh barang-barangku).
·         She has left her house three hours ago
(dia telah meninggalkan rumahnya tiga jam yang lalu)

3.      Menyuruh
Have atau has dapat digunakan untuk kalimat perintah. Hanya saja ada harus sesuai dengan rumusan Causative Verb.
Contoh:
o    I have my car washed
(aku mencucikan mobilku), berarti aku menyuruh seseorang untuk mencucikannya.
o    My mother has me to sleep
(ibuku menyuruhku untuk tidur)
4.      Harus
Untuk membuat have/has mempunyai makna harus, kita harus menambahkan kata “to” setelahnya. Jadi artinya sama dengan verb “Must”
Contoh:
o    I have to go now = I must go now
(aku harus pergi sekarang)
·         You don’t have to help me
(kamu tidak harus membantuku)

5.      Melakukan/Menjalani.
Beberapa kata benda dalam bahasa Inggris terkadang sulit untuk dibuat kata kerja. Seperti makan malam (dinner), kata ini tidak mempunyai kata kerja sehingga ketika ingin membuatnya harus dengan bantuan Have.
Contoh:
o    She has to have an operation.
(dia harus menjalani operasi).
·         I and Rose are having a dinner now.
(Aku dan Rose sedang (melakukan) makan malam sekarang)

6.      Anjuran.
Sementara khusus untuk Had (tidak berlaku untuk has dan have), jika digabungkan dengan kata better maka akan memberikan makna anjuran atau saran yang biasa diterjemahkan dengan: sebaiknya.
Contoh:
o    You had better go now, unless you will miss the flight.
(kamu sebaiknya berangkat sekarang, jika tidak kamu akan ketinggalan pesawat).
·         You had better stay at home, because it will rain.
(kamu sebaiknya tinggal di rumah, karena hari akan hujan).

We use a causative verb when we want to talk about something that someone else did for us or for another person. It means that the subject caused the action to happen, but didn't do it themselves. Maybe they paid, or asked, or persuaded the other person to do it. For example, we can say:
  • I cleaned my house. (This means I cleaned it myself).
If I paid someone to clean it, of course I can say:
  • A cleaner cleaned my house.
But, another way is to use a causative construction. So I can also say:
  • I had my house cleaned.
In a sense, using a causative verb is similar to using a passive. The important thing is that the house is now clean. We don't focus on who did the cleaning.

Have + object + past participle (have something done)

We usually use 'have something done' when we are talking about paying someone to do something for us. It's often used for services. The form is 'subject + have + object + past participle'.
  • I had my car washed.
  • John will have his house painted.
Get + object + past participle (get something done)

We can also use 'subject + get + object + past participle'. This has the same meaning as 'have', but is less formal.
  • The students get their essays checked.
  • I'll get my hair cut next week.
  • He got his washing machine fixed.
Try an exercise about 'have something done' and 'get something done' here.

Have someone do something (have + person + infinitive)

We can also use the construction 'subject + have + person + infinitive'. This has a very similar meaning to 'have something done', which we've already talked about, but this time we say who did the thing - we talk about the person who we asked to do the thing for us.
  • I had the electrician look at my broken light.
  • The doctor will have the nurse call the patients.
  • The teacher had the students write the answers on the whiteboard.
Get someone to do something (get + person + to + infinitive)

Finally, we can also use the construction 'get + someone + to + infinitive'. Again, this means that you cause the other person to do the action, maybe by paying them to do it, or by asking them to do it, or by persuading them to do it.
  • She gets her son to do his homework by promising him ice cream when he's finished.
  • I got the cleaner to clean under the cupboards.
Sometimes, this construction has the feeling that we needed to convince someone to do something, while the other constructions on this page are neutral.


References:
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/causatives-have-get.html


Best Friend


Hello Everybody, Welcome back to my blog, How are you? I wish you're always fine. J

Now I will tell you about friendship, what is friendship? Friendship is relationship of mutual affection between people. Friendship is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an association. Friendship has been studied in academic fields such as communication, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and philosophy. Various academic theories of friendship have been proposed, including social exchange theory, equity theory, relational dialectics, and attachment styles. A World Happiness Database study found that people with close friendships are happier.
            Although there are many forms of friendship, some of which may vary from place to place, certain characteristics are present in many types of bond. Such characteristics include affection; sympathy; empathy; honesty; altruism; mutual understanding and compassion; enjoyment of each other's company; trust; and the ability to be oneself, express one's feelings, and make mistakes without fear of judgment from the friend.
And what is best friend? "Best friend” isn’t just a name. A best friend is someone who’s there for you, no matter what. You can trust them, with anything and everything. Best friends share tears and laughs, almost like their emotions are intertwined. Most importantly, you can always count on a best friend.
            Ok let's talk about my best friend, my best friend name is I Made Yudistira Prasetya Sukma, He lives in Bali Island seems like me. He like playing with me together as basketball, soccer, games, etc. He always played games with me and my friend in Senior High School Number 1 Gianyar.
            I first met with him in Elementary School, He is my friend since elementary school and until now he is my best friend. I always study, played, and joked together with him. We always maked the joked to enjoyed any problem. Why He my best friend?, because I know him since elementary school and I be friends already 12 years starts in Elementary School, Junior High School,and Senior High School.
               Unfortunately after we pass the Senior High School, we not same campus and we has different future goals. My best friend have a future goal be a police, He always practiced started from run,swim,push up,pull up,sit up and some other weight trained. I and my best friend always played together when in elementary school, my best friend live at Serongga Village, in Gianyar Regency. He has one brother and his brother be a police man. He’s father be a police also and work at Polres Gianyar, and mother is housewife. My best friend was born in Soe, Nusa Tenggara Timur. He is very funny if you played with him. When I in Senior High School, we join Paskibra Dosman and we trained together, much of experiences we get it. He is my best friend forever and I hope we become a successful person someday. Now we will set it up.

            Ok that’s my describe of my best friend, I think that’s enough. Thank you for visit my blog and I hope you enjoy it J